專升本英語(yǔ)科目中,語(yǔ)法是非常重要的,而且也很難學(xué)。尤其是有些升本人本身基礎(chǔ)就不好,下面好學(xué)校小編為大家整理了2022年湖北專升本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)的信息,2022年參加專升本的同學(xué)可以參考下。
“ 主+謂+賓、主+系+表”
一、主語(yǔ)是句子的主體,一般位于句首。
在原始的簡(jiǎn)單句中,主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞表示。
例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名詞)
We often speak English in class.(代詞)
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(數(shù)詞)
The rich should help the poor.(名詞化的形容詞)
二、謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞)
謂語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ),一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下:
1.簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:He practices running every morning.
2.復(fù)合謂語(yǔ):(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caughta bad cold.(2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:We are students.
在英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(知道為什么嗎),而且,我們平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)態(tài)是針對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來說。如果以do為例,do,did,have done,will do,had done, is/am/are doing,was/were doing,would do。在簡(jiǎn)單句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)是句子的核心,是不可以隨意刪掉的。
三、賓語(yǔ)
賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。
例如:
They went to see an exhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(數(shù)詞)
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
四、表語(yǔ)
表語(yǔ)用以說明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be,become,get,look,grow, turn,seem等)之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞。
例如:
Our teacher of English is an American.(名詞)
Is it yours?(代詞)
The weather has turned cold.(形容詞)
The speech is exciting.(分詞)
Three times seven is twenty one?(數(shù)詞)